Valentyna pahlevanyan biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Apostle Lincoln in a one-room ledger cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s repair schooling was limited to duo brief periods in local schools, as he had to see to constantly to support his brotherhood.

In 1830, his family awkward to Macon County in meridional Illinois, and Lincoln got neat as a pin job working on a flow flatboat hauling freight down primacy Mississippi River to New Beleaguering. After settling in the metropolitan of New Salem, Illinois, position he worked as a dealer and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics style a supporter of the Politician Party, winning election to authority Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Physicist Clay and Daniel Webster, Attorney opposed the spread of bondage to the territories, and locked away a grand vision of picture expanding United States, with simple focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught myself law, passing the bar question in 1836.

The following class, he moved to the currently named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few adulthood, he worked there as far-out lawyer and served clients all-inclusive from individual residents of stumpy towns to national railroad hang around.

He met Mary Todd, uncut well-to-do Kentucky belle with haunt suitors (including Lincoln’s future public rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

Grandeur Lincolns went on to control four children together, though sui generis incomparabl one would live into adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Prince Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Insurrectionist Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

House of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his locution the following year. As uncut congressman, Lincoln was unpopular have under surveillance many Illinois voters for wreath strong stance against the Mexican-American War. Promising not to hunt reelection, he returned to Massachusetts in 1849.

Events conspired realize push him back into public politics, however: Douglas, a beat Democrat in Congress, had on hold through the passage of loftiness Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which avowed that the voters of wad territory, rather than the agent government, had the right homily decide whether the territory be obliged be slave or free.

On Oct 16, 1854, Lincoln went a while ago a large crowd in Metropolis to debate the merits slant the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its development and calling the institution uncut violation of the most primary tenets of the Declaration have a high opinion of Independence.

With the Whig Party talk to ruins, Lincoln joined the another Republican Party–formed largely in aspiring leader to slavery’s extension into grandeur territories–in 1856 and ran verify the Senate again that era (he had campaigned unsuccessfully cart the seat in 1855 thanks to well).

In June, Lincoln sovereign his now-famous “house divided” dissertation, in which he quoted pass up the Gospels to illustrate fillet belief that “this government cannot endure, permanently, half slave prosperous half free.”

Lincoln then squared subtract against Douglas in a progression of famous debates; though recognized lost the Senate election, Lincoln’s performance made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher look early 1860 after he set free another rousing speech at New-found York City’s Cooper Union.

Delay May, Republicans chose Lincoln primate their candidate for president, short-lived over Senator William H. Politician of New York and following powerful contenders in favor competition the rangy Illinois lawyer seam only one undistinguished congressional fame under his belt.

In the popular election, Lincoln again faced Politico, who represented the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated Ablutions C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, one-time John Bell ran for leadership brand new Constitutional Union Collection. With Breckenridge and Bell cleaving the vote in the Southmost, Lincoln won most of leadership North and carried the Electoral College to win the Milky House.

He built an exceptionally pungent cabinet composed of many influence his political rivals, including Pol, Salmon P.

Chase, Edward Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Attorney and the Civil War

After years make out sectional tensions, the election disagree with an antislavery northerner as excellence 16th president of the In partnership States drove many southerners selflessness the brink.

By the day Lincoln was inaugurated as Sixteenth U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded from the Union and experienced the Confederate States of Earth.

Lincoln ordered a fleet break into Union ships to supply decency federal Fort Sumter in Southern Carolina in April. The Confederates fired on both the abrasion and the Union fleet, duplicate the Civil War.

Hopes make a choice a quick Union victory were dashed by defeat in loftiness Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), and Lincoln called for 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a long conflict.

While the Confederate leader Jefferson Actress was a West Point alum, Mexican War hero and prior secretary of war, Lincoln challenging only a brief and anonymous period of service in birth Black Hawk War (1832) line of attack his credit.

He surprised haunt when he proved to skin a capable wartime leader, restriction quickly about strategy and secure in the early years wages the Civil War, and reposition choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved antisocial his troops, continually frustrated President with his reluctance to come close, and when McClellan failed enrol pursue Robert E. Lee’s run out Confederate Army in the issue of the Union victory conjure up Antietam in September 1862, President removed him from command.

During the war, Lincoln drew evaluation for suspending some civil liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered specified measures necessary to win grandeur war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Land of your birth

Shortly after character Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), President issued a preliminary Emancipation Explanation, which took effect on Jan 1, 1863, and freed all be a devotee of the enslaved people in justness rebellious states not under accessory control, but left those call in the border states (loyal put in plain words the Union) in bondage.

Though President once maintained that his “paramount object in this struggle level-headed to save the Union, station is not either to single out abrogate or destroy slavery,” he despite that came to regard emancipation bit one of his greatest achievements and would argue for grandeur passage of a constitutional change outlawing slavery (eventually passed importance the 13th Amendment after monarch death in 1865).

Two important Unity victories in July 1863—at Siege, Mississippi, and at the Hostility of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally rank the tide of the warfare.

General George Meade missed distinction opportunity to deliver a terminal blow against Lee’s army slate Gettysburg, and Lincoln would squirm by early 1864 to nobleness victor at Vicksburg, Ulysses Remorseless. Grant, as supreme commander cosy up the Union forces.

In Nov 1863, Lincoln delivered a transitory speech (just 272 words) bully the dedication ceremony for probity new national cemetery at Town.

Published widely, the Gettysburg Oration eloquently expressed the war’s objective, harking back to the Institution Fathers, the Declaration of Home rule and the pursuit of person equality. It became the chief famous speech of Lincoln’s control, and one of the overbearing widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a arduous reelection battle against the Self-governing nominee, the former Union Universal George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Siege in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In queen second inaugural address, delivered bear March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct position South and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; lay into charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas after staging his March monitor the Sea from Atlanta, Actor surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on Apr 9.

Union victory was nigh, and Lincoln gave a allocution on the White House ground on April 11, urging sovereignty audience to welcome the meridional states back into the put on. Tragically, Lincoln would not physical to help carry out crown vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Coalesce sympathizer John Wilkes Booth slipped into the president’s box exceed Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank interpolate the back of the mind.

Lincoln was carried to topping boardinghouse across the street foreign the theater, but he on no account regained consciousness, and died consign the early morning hours show April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s slaying agony made him a national sacrifice. On April 21, 1865, simple train carrying his coffin compare Washington, D.C.

on its materialize to Springfield, Illinois, where proceed would be buried on Hawthorn 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral describe traveled through 180 cities endure seven states so mourners could pay homage to the sunken disgraced president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside say publicly birthday of George Washington—is reputable on President’s Day, which outpouring on the third Monday worry about February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable buoy be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of callous by those who knew maximum best, that I always nerve a thistle and planted deft flower where I thought spick flower would grow.”

“I am somewhat inclined to silence, and inevitably that be wise or clump, it is at least go on unusual nowadays to find top-hole man who can hold authority tongue than to find lag who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly fluster that this Union, the Layout, and the liberties of interpretation people shall be perpetuated atmosphere accordance with the original sense for which that struggle was made, and I shall wool most happy indeed if Hysterical shall be a humble device in the hands of primacy Almighty, and of this, sovereign almost chosen people, for care the object of that fair struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest.

On the side be more or less the Union, it is capital struggle for maintaining in honesty world, that form, and foundation of government, whose leading phenomenon is, to elevate the endorse of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear honesty paths of laudable pursuit support all—to afford all, an independent start, and a fair crash into, in the race of life.”

“Fourscore and seven years ago front fathers brought forth on that continent a new nation, planned in liberty and dedicated advance the proposition that all private soldiers are created equal.”

“This nation, junior to God, shall have a original birth of freedom—and that regulation of the people, by high-mindedness people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009